Higgins Industries of New Orleans, Louisiana produced 199 78 ft (24 m) boats of the PT-71/PT-235, PT-265 and PT-625 classes. She is located in San Diego and is now named Malihini. The installation of larger-bore cannons culminated in the fitting of the 40mm Bofors gun[21] on the aft deck. Beginning in mid-1943, some boats were fitted with one or two .30 cal Browning machine guns on the forward torpedo racks on pedestal mounts. In John Ford's 1945 war film, They Were Expendable, two 80-foot (24 m) Elcos were used during filming along with four former MTBRON 14 78-foot Huckins.[50]. By war's end, more of the Elco 80 ft (24 m) boats were built (326 in all) than any other type of motor torpedo boat. They were also used during the D-Day landings on 6 June 1944. The Elco Naval Division boats were the longest of the three types of PT boats built for the Navy used during World War II. Structural weaknesses resulting in fracture of bilge stringers. A PT boat (short for patrol torpedo boat) was a motor torpedo boat used by the United States Navy in World War II.It was small, fast, and inexpensive to build, valued for its maneuverability and speed but hampered at the beginning of the war by ineffective torpedoes, limited armament, and comparatively fragile construction that limited some of the variants to coastal waters. [44] After the war ended PT-796 was used in the Key West/Miami area for experimental purposes. Accelerometers were installed in the pilot house of each design to record "pounding". This is not a forum for general discussion of the article's subject. Several PT boats were lost due to friendly fire from both Allied aircraft and destroyers. As PT boats were usually located near the end of the supply chain, their crews proved resourceful in bartering with nearby ships or military units for supplies and using munitions to harvest their own fish. In 1938, the U.S. Navy renewed their investigation into the concept by requesting competitive bids for several different types of motor torpedo boats, but excluded Hickman's Sea Sled. Huckins reported a profit of $28.60 on this transaction.[11]. In April 1941, MTBRON 1 reported enthusiasm over the 81-foot Higgins (PT-6), and with the Higgins showing such good seakeeping further purchase of Scott-Paine boats was unnecessary. 1 Patrol Boat [Patrol Torpedo Boat (PT)] 1.1 Hydrofoil Boat(s) (PH) 2 List of Patrol Boats 3 Tips, Strategies and Tactics 4 Trivia Patrol Boats are small, very light combatants with light armor and limited armament. The accelerometers ranked the boats as follows: first was the Philadelphia Navy Yard PT-8 with the least pounding, second was the Huckins PT-69, third was the Higgins PT-6, and last were the Elco 77-footers. PT boats operated in the southern, western, and northern Pacific, as well as in the Mediterranean Sea and the English Channel. As a result, the Navy ordered further investigation and refinement of the existing designs until a satisfactory working design could be obtained. However, not many people know that after PT-109 sunk, Navy Lt. Kennedy commanded another boat—PT-59. In 1943, an inquiry was held by the Navy to discuss planing, hull design, and fuel consumption issues. In the USN they were organized in Motor Torpedo Boat Squadrons (MTBRONs).[1]. With accommodation for three officers and 14 enlisted men, the crew varied from 12 to 17, depending upon the number and type of weapons installed. The first three of the new design (PT-95 through PT-97) were initially kept in the Jacksonville area for testing, resulting in several important modifications to the overall design (these boats were later assigned to Squadron 4 in 1942). Very little tendency to pound in a seaway. The entire wiki with photo and video galleries for each article That the Packard power plant having been found highly satisfactory be adopted as standard for future construction. Patrol Torpedo Boat PT-588/PT-57 - Model kit of the patrols Torpedo boats of the US Navy used in large numbers in the Pacific War. They were assigned to specific outposts in the Panama Canal Zone, Miami, Florida, the Hawaiian Sea Frontier at Pearl Harbor and Midway, and a training center in Melville, Rhode Island. PT-305 was acquired by the Defenders of America Naval Museum (DOANM), and then sold in May 2007 to the National World War II Museum in New Orleans. A 59-foot (18 m) barrel-back (which provided increased strength to the sides and deck), a unique double longitudinal planked (mahogany outer planking and Port Orford cedar inner planking) lightweight hull on bent laminated oak framing, she was the "featherweight" of transportable PT boat design, but was later rejected by the Navy during trials in 1941 after being deemed too short to carry 4 torpedoes, as well as being able to only launch torpedoes stern first, which was a procedure considered too dangerous by BuOrd. [25] There are several recorded instances of PT boats trading fire with friendly aircraft,[25] a situation also familiar to U.S. submariners. "[13], The Board results provided very important benchmarks in the infancy of PT boat development. She was obtained from the backwaters of Florida and moved to its current location by JM "Boats" Newberry, the founder of PT Boats Inc. "Boats" along with the team at Battleship Cove Museum restored her during 1984–89, inside and out, at a cost of US$1 million. After a lengthy restoration[34][35] PT-305 has been restored to a seaworthy, operational vessel. patrol torpedo boat PT boat * * * Universalium. PT Boat Officers (L-R) James (“Jim”) Reed, John F. (“Jack”) Kennedy, George (“Barney”) Ross [rear], and Paul (“Red”) Fay. - Two-piece hull - Detailed deck superstructures - interiors - Two ro Two twin .50-inch (12.7 mm) M2 Browning heavy machine guns were mounted for anti-aircraft defense and general fire support. PT-9 was to serve as the prototype for all the early Elco PT boats. The Mk13 torpedo had a range of 6,300 yards (5,800 m) and a speed of 33.5 knots (62.0 km/h; 38.6 mph). The Admiralty representative for this sea sled demonstration was Lieutenant G.C.E. They spotted some wood poking out of the water and came to the conclusion that it was part of PT-59’s hull. [25] Afterwards, the PT mission in the Solomon Islands was deemed a success.[25]. A 78-foot (24 m) Higgins, PT-309 ("Oh Frankie!") PSNI; Tied houses; Look at other dictionaries: Torpedo boat — A torpedo boat is a relatively small and fast naval ship designed to carry torpedoes into battle. The Board of Inspection and Survey, headed by Rear Admiral John W. Wilcox, Jr., conducted comparative service tests[13] off New London, 21 to 24 July 1941, using the following boats: Each member of the Board conducted an independent inspection of every boat class, evaluating them for structural sufficiency, habitability, access, arrangement for attack control, and communication facilities. Structural weaknesses resulting in transverse fractures of deck planking. Space available for two 21" torpedo tubes and ten 300-pound (140 kg) depth charges. Following the competition, contracts were placed for construction of boats: May 25, 1939 to Higgins Industries for two boats (PT5 and PT6) of the Sparkman and Stephens design, scaled up to an overall length of 81 feet; June 8, 1939 to Fogal Boat Yard (PT-1 and PT-2) and Fisher Boat Works (PT-3 and PT-4) for the Crouch design; to the Philadelphia Navy Yard (PT-7, PT-8) for 81-foot boats designed by the Bureau of Ships. News Feed. This gun was served by a crew of 4 men, and was used against aircraft targets, as well as shore bombardment or enemy surface craft. Their role was replaced in the U.S. Navy by fast attack craft. Armament was less - two torpedoes and depth charges, or .50-cal machine-guns and a smokescreen generator. Burke contacted the Kennedy Library and other groups in an attempt to sell the boat, but they weren’t interested in buying it. In April 1945 the squadron was shipped to the U.S. for refitting and transfer to the Pacific, but the war ended while still in New York. This boat is the only U.S. Coast Guard regulation-approved PT boat licensed to take passengers for hire, and the only surviving U.S.-built Vosper design. This was done to minimize the amount of upkeep the Navy would have to do, since wooden boats require much continuous maintenance, and they were not considered worth the effort. On early series of boats, this cannon was mounted on the stern. The PT boats at Guadalcanal were given credit for several sinkings and successes against the vaunted Tokyo Express. [13], Boats would have their tactical parameters of each design determined by photographs from an airship. When these weapons were found to be successful, they were incorporated onto the PT boats as original armament. The boat was serviced and stored by Elco. Ability to make a maximum sustained speed of 33.8 knots; maximum speed 43.8 knots with light ordnance load. Introduction of the Mark 13 torpedo to PT boats in mid-1943 all but eliminated the early problems that PT boats had with their obsolete Mark 8s.[25]. The Higgins 70' (British) boat did not complete this run because of engine trouble. This second Squadron 3 was the first to arrive in the Solomons and saw heavy engagement with the "Tokyo Express". The resulting PT boat designs were the product of a small cadre of respected naval architects and the Navy. Four boats - PT-8, PT-69, PT-70, and MRB - returned and Elco sent two new boats, PT-21 and PT-29. Model Set Patrol Torpedo Boat PT-109 . While docked, PT boat squadrons were supported by PT boat tenders or base facilities which supplied boat crews with hot meals. One such field modification was made to Kennedy's PT-109, which was equipped with a single-shot Army M3 37mm anti-tank gun that her crew had commandeered; they removed the wheels and lashed it to 2x8 timbers placed on the bow only one night before she was lost. Space available for four 21" torpedo tubes. [3] This competition led to eight prototype boats built to compete in two different classes. For other similar vessels, see, United States naval ship classes of World War II, Board of Inspection and Survey's findings. PT-486, an 80-foot (24 m) Elco boat, was placed in service on 2 December 1943. As a result, two types  – 45-foot (14 m) and 55-foot (17 m)  – of British Royal Navy Coastal Motor Boats were obtained for testing. Although the American Mark 8 torpedo did have problems with porpoising and circular runs, it could and did have success against common classes of targets. The PT boat was very different from the first generation of torpedo boat, which had been developed at the end of the 19th century and featured a displacement hull form. It was subsequently upgraded in stages to 1,500 hp (1,100 kW), allowing a designed speed of 41 knots (76 km/h). [9] These last two boats were constructed mainly out of aluminum and had 4 engines. Several saw service with the Philippine Navy, where they were named "Q-boats".[2]. U.S. Navy PT boats were organized into motor torpedo boat squadrons (MTBRONs). Further, many of those taken were beyond the normal range of the instruments and were considered inaccurate. [25] They also performed lifesaving and anti-shipping mine destruction missions during the invasion. The Motor torpedo boat ELCO 80-ft-class-page contains all related products, articles, books, walkarounds and plastic scale modeling projects dedicated to this ship.. [13], The average speed results from the 185 nmi (343 km; 213 mi) course were: Elco 77-footer (PT-21), 27.5 kn (50.9 km/h; 31.6 mph); Higgins 76-footer (PT-70), 27.2 kn (50.4 km/h; 31.3 mph); Higgins MRB and Philadelphia Navy Yard boat (PT-8), 24.8 kn (45.9 km/h; 28.5 mph). On November 11, 1943, transferred Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron 3(2) MTBS 3(2) under the command of Lt. Richard E. Johnson and moved northward to operate from Empress Augusta Bay off Bougainville. The Japanese were initially cautious when operating their capital ships in areas known to have PT boats, knowing how dangerous their own Type 93 torpedoes were, and assumed the Americans had equally lethal weapons. Lieutenant Kennedy was the first commanding officer of PT-59 after its conversion. The Navy would provide engines, and Huckins would build a PT boat at their own expense, with the caveat that the boat (upon completion) would be offered to the Navy for a later sum. 338 Downloads 21 Likes 2 Comments. That the ordnance installation of future motor torpedo boats consist of two torpedo tubes, machine guns and depth charges. During World War I Italy, the US and UK developed the first high-performance petrol-powered motor torpedo boats (often with top speeds over 40 kn (74 km/h)) and corresponding torpedo tactics, but these projects were all quickly disbanded after the Armistice. He started renovating the vessel, as he wanted to transform it into a houseboat. Hull fouling and engine wear could both decrease top speed and increase fuel consumption materially. All PTs prior to the 77 ft (23 m) Elcos had been found defective, and it was probable the extended 70 ft (21 m) Elco would not be an improvement. This boat (designated MT-72) was a 72-foot (22 m) boat that became PT-69. The Higgins boats had the same beam, full load displacement, engines, generators, shaft horsepower, trial speed, armament, and crew accommodation as the 80 ft (24 m) Elco boats. The primary anti-ship armament was two to four Mark 8 torpedoes, which weighed 2,600 pounds (1,179 kg) and contained a 466-pound (211 kg) TNT warhead. MTBRON 30 saw action in the English Channel as part of the Invasion of Normandy. As Doyle told the New York Post, he is “99.99 percent” sure that it is JFK’s PT-59, and he hopes that the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum will salvage it. Common to all US PT boats were the two twin M2 .50 cal (12.7 mm) machine guns. The quality of the restoration was extremely high, and the boat is on display inside a weatherproof building, on blocks out of the water. Little did he know that the future president of the United States had commanded the vessel during World War II. Now located in a New Jersey boatyard in awaiting restoration.[46]. Two of the experimental PT-Boats also still survive, PT-3 (built by Fisher Boat Works) in New Jersey and PT-8. A PT boat carried 3,000 US gallons (11,400 l) of 100 octane aviation fuel, enough for a 4M-2500 equipped boat to conduct a maximum 12-hour patrol. With the exception of the experimental PT boats, all U.S. PT boats were powered by three marine modified derivations of the Packard 3A-2500 V-12 liquid-cooled, gasoline-fueled aircraft engine. Early PT boats (Elco PT20 through PT44) mounted Dewandre plexiglas-enclosed hydraulically operated rotating turrets. After having demonstrated its value on board PT boats, the M4 (and later M9) cannon was installed at the factory. Maneuverability satisfactory with a turning circle of 368 yards. Show more... Download files Like. Starting in mid-1943, the old Mark 18 torpedo tubes and Mark 8 torpedoes were replaced. After testing was completed, PT-3 was transferred to Canada in April 1941 under lend-lease. The larger punch of the 37mm round was desirable, but the crews looked for something that could fire faster than the single-shot army anti-tank weapon. The Higgins 76-footer (PT-70) completed the entire run but also suffered structural failures, attachments between planking and web frames pulling loose, and deck fastenings in the neighborhood of engine hatches showing extensive failures. Doyle suggests that Burke let the boat sink “so it would be less of a hazard.”. During the war, Elco came up with stepped hull designs ("ElcoPlane") which achieved significant increase in top speed. In late June 1945 the squadron was shipped to the U.S. for refitting and transfer to the Pacific, but the war ended while still in New York. Elco boats were found to pound heavily and confirmed previous reports of their discomfort. Doyle obtained wood samples from the boat. By the war's end, most PTs had these weapons. PT-617 is an 80-foot (24 m) Elco boat located at the Battleship Cove Naval Museum in Fall River, Massachusetts. [13], The Elco 77-Footer Design Demonstrates:[13], The Huckins 72-Foot Design Demonstrates:[13], The Navy Yard Philadelphia 81-Foot Design Demonstrates:[13], The Higgins 81-Foot Design Demonstrates:[13], The Higgins 76-Foot Design Demonstrates:[13], The Board arrived at the following recommendations:[13], The Board also had the following opinion on structural sufficiency: "During the first series of tests (21–24 July) the Huckins design (PT-69), the Philadelphia design (PT-8) and the Higgins design (PT-6) completed the open sea endurance run without structural damage. In the late 1960s, the vessel caught fire and was declared destroyed. The stern of the Vosper boat is visible in the footage of that event. The performance specification was to achieve 40 knots and an operating radius of 275 miles at top speed (550 miles at cruising speed) The smaller boat was to weigh no more than 20 tons so that it could be easily transported by cargo ships. According to Robert McFarlane, the US Navy built the hulls of some PT boats partially from 3,000-year-old white cedar logs recovered from sphagnum bog in New Jersey.[14]. 146 boats, armed with 18 in (460 mm) torpedoes, were built for Lend Lease, and exported to Allied powers such as Canada, Britain, Norway, and the Soviet Union. [citation needed] Only the British built PT-9 prototype boat brought from England for Elco to examine and copy featured a Merlin. Five Elco Boats were manufactured in knock-down kit form and sent to Long Beach Boatworks for assembly on the West Coast as part of an experiment and as a proof of concept. PT-109 was commanded by Kennedy with one executive officer and 10 enlisted men on the night it was struck by the Japanese destroyer. Some boats carried a 20 mm (0.79 in) Oerlikon cannon. George C. Sinn of Wildwood Crest, NJ on 9 October 1951 for $1,015.00. PT-48 is today in need of major restoration, after having been cut down to 59 feet (18 m) and used as a dinner cruise boat. PT-8 was stored in a yard for several decades in Baytown, TX, but has since moved. Patrol Torpedo boats were among the fastest and most heavily-armed vessels for their size, and then-Navy Lt. John F. Kennedy commanded a PT boat … A common characteristic of this type of warped hull is the "rooster tail" in the wake. Higgins built an additional PT-6 "Prime" redesigned by Andrew Higgins personally using his own methods. Uploaded: July 13th, 2019. PT boats lacked a large capacity refrigerator to store sufficient quantities of perishable foods. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. The PT-59 was first assigned to a … Later that same year, Higgins was to build PT-70 (at their own expense) that incorporated slight improvements over PT-6 Prime. Cost to the Government fully equipped $206,600. After obtaining excellent testing results at the Plywood Derby, the Navy awarded Huckins Yacht Corporation a contract in 1941 for 8 boats, and later added 10 more. This contract for C-250 ended up going to Greenport Basin and Construction Company, of Greenport, NY. Prior to (and during) World War 2, the United States Navy (USN) contracted out to three primary manufacturers for the construction of "PT" motor boats (PT = "Patrol Torpedo"). "), was named in honor of Frank Sinatra, with whom the boats' Commanding Officer met at a nightclub shortly before MTBRON 22 left New York for the Mediterranean Theatre. Initially, only a few boats were issued primitive radar sets. During World War II, PT boats engaged enemy warships, transports, tankers, barges, and sampans. Maneuverability satisfactory with a turning circle of 336 yards (307 m). She was retired from service in the late 1950s. Ability to make a maximum sustained speed of 30.7 knots; maximum speed 33.9 knots with light ordnance load. PT-658 was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.[43]. Having radar gave Navy PTs a distinct advantage in intercepting enemy supply barges and ships at night. The 80-foot (24 m) wooden-hulled craft were classified as boats in comparison with much larger steel-hulled destroyers, but were comparable in size to many wooden sailing ships in history. While visiting the British Power Boat Company, they purchased a 70-foot (21 m) private venture motor torpedo boat (MTB) design - PV70 - (later renamed PT-9), designed by the power boat racer Hubert Scott-Paine. The effectiveness of PT boats in the Solomon Islands campaign, where there were numerous engagements between PTs and capital ships, as well as against Japanese shipborne resupply efforts dubbed "The Tokyo Express" operating in New Georgia Sound (called "the Slot" by the Americans), was substantially undermined by defective Mark 8 torpedoes. 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